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Systems Iceberg
Time30-90mins
Group Size2-20
Facilitation LevelIntermediate
MaterialsPen & Paper / Whiteboard

In this exercise, participants will learn to create an understanding of a systemic problem by examining events, patterns, and root causes.

Steps

Step 01

LIST EVENTS, ISSUES AND TRENDS

Start by listing questions relevant to current issues and observations (as the litany) at the top of the iceberg. These represent things we can tangibly see and experience in the world.

Step 02

IDENTIFY UNDERLYING CAUSES

List questions that draw out the STEEP criteria: social, technological, economic, environmental, political, as well as cultural-historical issues and evolutions. These provide lens to map the structures and dynamics of the current state system.

Step 03

UNCOVER PARADIGMS

List questions that draw out values and world-views that sustain the trend or legitimate the causes previously listed. These are the beliefs that underpin the system as it is today.

Step 04

EXPLORE UNDERLYING METAPHORS

Discuss the beliefs, values, and assumptions that shape stakeholders' perspectives and actions, influencing the underlying structures and ultimately the observed event or issue.

Step 05

DISCUSS AND REFLECT

Taking the insights derived across the multiple layers of the iceberg, reflect and discuss the relationships between the layers and how you as an individual and as a team contribute and reinforce the existing patterns that underpin the system as it manifests in the present.

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Each tool in the toolkit is designed to help teams understand systemic challenges, imagine possible futures, and create strategic interventions to drive positive impact in support of each mission. Download this tool to start your journey toward creating a sustainable future, together.